HomeFood & BeveragesFood Service Residue Testing Market

Global Residue Testing Market Size, Share & Demand Report By Residue Type (Pesticide Residues, Veterinary Drug Residues, Mycotoxins, Heavy Metals, Food Additives), By Technology (Chromatography-Based, Immunoassay-Based, Spectroscopy-Based, Rapid Testing), By End Use (Food Manufacturers, Agricultural Exporters, Government Bodies, Contract Testing Laboratories), By Region & Segment Forecasts, 2026–2031

Report Code: RI2334PUB
Last Updated : February, 2026
Author : Abigail Foster

Table of Contents

  1. Executive Summary
    1. Introduction
  2. Market Introduction
    1. Market Definition
    2. Scope of the Study
    3. Market Structure
  3. Research Methodology
    1. Primary Research
    2. Research Methodology
    3. Assumptions & Exclusions
    4. Secondary Data Sources
  4. Market Factor Analysis
    1. Value Chain Analysis: Residue Testing Market
    2. Porters Five Forces Analysis
      1. Bargaining Power of Suppliers
      2. Bargaining Power of Buyers
      3. Threat of Substitution
      4. Threat of New Entrants
      5. Competitive Rivalry
  5. Market Dynamics
    1. Drivers
    2. Restraints
    3. Opportunities
  6. Recent Trends Analysis
  7. Impact of COVID-19 on Residue Testing Market
    1. Pre and Post Covid -19 Market Scenario Analysis
    2. Market Recovery Timeline and Challenge
    3. Measures Taken by Top Players
  8. Regulatory Landscape
  9. Residue Testing Market, By Residue Type
    1. Introduction
      1. Market Size and Forecast, By Residue Type
    2. Pesticide Residues
      1. Market Size and Forecast, By Region
    3. Veterinary Drug Residues
      1. Market Size and Forecast, By Region
    4. Mycotoxin Residues
      1. Market Size and Forecast, By Region
    5. Heavy Metal Residues
      1. Market Size and Forecast, By Region
    6. Food Additives & Processing Residues
      1. Market Size and Forecast, By Region
  10. Residue Testing Market, By Technology
    1. Introduction
      1. Market Size and Forecast, By Technology
    2. Chromatography-Based Testing (LC-MS/MS, GC-MS, HPLC)
      1. Market Size and Forecast, By Region
    3. Immunoassay-Based Testing (ELISA, Lateral Flow)
      1. Market Size and Forecast, By Region
    4. Spectroscopy-Based Testing (ICP-MS, AAS)
      1. Market Size and Forecast, By Region
    5. Rapid & Biosensor-Based Testing
      1. Market Size and Forecast, By Region
    6. Other Analytical Methods
      1. Market Size and Forecast, By Region
  11. Residue Testing Market, By End Use
    1. Introduction
      1. Market Size and Forecast, By End Use
    2. Food Manufacturers & Processors
      1. Market Size and Forecast, By Region
    3. Agricultural Producers & Exporters
      1. Market Size and Forecast, By Region
    4. Government & Regulatory Bodies
      1. Market Size and Forecast, By Region
    5. Contract Research & Testing Laboratories
      1. Market Size and Forecast, By Region
    6. Retailers & Private Label Owners
      1. Market Size and Forecast, By Region
  12. Residue Testing Market, By Sample Type
    1. Introduction
      1. Market Size and Forecast, By Sample Type
    2. Food Crops
      1. Market Size and Forecast, By Region
    3. Animal-Based Products
      1. Market Size and Forecast, By Region
    4. Processed Food & Beverages
      1. Market Size and Forecast, By Region
    5. Environmental Samples
      1. Market Size and Forecast, By Region
    6. Feed & Raw Agricultural Inputs
      1. Market Size and Forecast, By Region
  13. Regional Overview
    1. Introduction
      1. Market Size and Forecast
    2. North America
      1. Market Size and Forecast
        1. By Residue Type
          1. Pesticide Residues
            1. Veterinary Drug Residues
              1. Mycotoxin Residues
                1. Heavy Metal Residues
                  1. Food Additives & Processing Residues
                  2. By Technology
                    1. Chromatography-Based Testing (LC-MS/MS, GC-MS, HPLC)
                      1. Immunoassay-Based Testing (ELISA, Lateral Flow)
                        1. Spectroscopy-Based Testing (ICP-MS, AAS)
                          1. Rapid & Biosensor-Based Testing
                            1. Other Analytical Methods
                            2. By End Use
                              1. Food Manufacturers & Processors
                                1. Agricultural Producers & Exporters
                                  1. Government & Regulatory Bodies
                                    1. Contract Research & Testing Laboratories
                                      1. Retailers & Private Label Owners
                                      2. By Sample Type
                                        1. Food Crops
                                          1. Animal-Based Products
                                            1. Processed Food & Beverages
                                              1. Environmental Samples
                                                1. Feed & Raw Agricultural Inputs
                                              2. U.S.
                                                1. By Residue Type
                                                  1. Pesticide Residues
                                                    1. Veterinary Drug Residues
                                                      1. Mycotoxin Residues
                                                        1. Heavy Metal Residues
                                                          1. Food Additives & Processing Residues
                                                          2. By Technology
                                                            1. Chromatography-Based Testing (LC-MS/MS, GC-MS, HPLC)
                                                              1. Immunoassay-Based Testing (ELISA, Lateral Flow)
                                                                1. Spectroscopy-Based Testing (ICP-MS, AAS)
                                                                  1. Rapid & Biosensor-Based Testing
                                                                    1. Other Analytical Methods
                                                                    2. By End Use
                                                                      1. Food Manufacturers & Processors
                                                                        1. Agricultural Producers & Exporters
                                                                          1. Government & Regulatory Bodies
                                                                            1. Contract Research & Testing Laboratories
                                                                              1. Retailers & Private Label Owners
                                                                              2. By Sample Type
                                                                                1. Food Crops
                                                                                  1. Animal-Based Products
                                                                                    1. Processed Food & Beverages
                                                                                      1. Environmental Samples
                                                                                        1. Feed & Raw Agricultural Inputs
                                                                                      2. Canada
                                                                                    2. Europe
                                                                                      1. Market Size and Forecast
                                                                                        1. By Residue Type
                                                                                          1. Pesticide Residues
                                                                                            1. Veterinary Drug Residues
                                                                                              1. Mycotoxin Residues
                                                                                                1. Heavy Metal Residues
                                                                                                  1. Food Additives & Processing Residues
                                                                                                  2. By Technology
                                                                                                    1. Chromatography-Based Testing (LC-MS/MS, GC-MS, HPLC)
                                                                                                      1. Immunoassay-Based Testing (ELISA, Lateral Flow)
                                                                                                        1. Spectroscopy-Based Testing (ICP-MS, AAS)
                                                                                                          1. Rapid & Biosensor-Based Testing
                                                                                                            1. Other Analytical Methods
                                                                                                            2. By End Use
                                                                                                              1. Food Manufacturers & Processors
                                                                                                                1. Agricultural Producers & Exporters
                                                                                                                  1. Government & Regulatory Bodies
                                                                                                                    1. Contract Research & Testing Laboratories
                                                                                                                      1. Retailers & Private Label Owners
                                                                                                                      2. By Sample Type
                                                                                                                        1. Food Crops
                                                                                                                          1. Animal-Based Products
                                                                                                                            1. Processed Food & Beverages
                                                                                                                              1. Environmental Samples
                                                                                                                                1. Feed & Raw Agricultural Inputs
                                                                                                                              2. U.K.
                                                                                                                                1. By Residue Type
                                                                                                                                  1. Pesticide Residues
                                                                                                                                    1. Veterinary Drug Residues
                                                                                                                                      1. Mycotoxin Residues
                                                                                                                                        1. Heavy Metal Residues
                                                                                                                                          1. Food Additives & Processing Residues
                                                                                                                                          2. By Technology
                                                                                                                                            1. Chromatography-Based Testing (LC-MS/MS, GC-MS, HPLC)
                                                                                                                                              1. Immunoassay-Based Testing (ELISA, Lateral Flow)
                                                                                                                                                1. Spectroscopy-Based Testing (ICP-MS, AAS)
                                                                                                                                                  1. Rapid & Biosensor-Based Testing
                                                                                                                                                    1. Other Analytical Methods
                                                                                                                                                    2. By End Use
                                                                                                                                                      1. Food Manufacturers & Processors
                                                                                                                                                        1. Agricultural Producers & Exporters
                                                                                                                                                          1. Government & Regulatory Bodies
                                                                                                                                                            1. Contract Research & Testing Laboratories
                                                                                                                                                              1. Retailers & Private Label Owners
                                                                                                                                                              2. By Sample Type
                                                                                                                                                                1. Food Crops
                                                                                                                                                                  1. Animal-Based Products
                                                                                                                                                                    1. Processed Food & Beverages
                                                                                                                                                                      1. Environmental Samples
                                                                                                                                                                        1. Feed & Raw Agricultural Inputs
                                                                                                                                                                      2. Germany
                                                                                                                                                                      3. France
                                                                                                                                                                      4. Spain
                                                                                                                                                                      5. Italy
                                                                                                                                                                      6. Russia
                                                                                                                                                                      7. Nordic
                                                                                                                                                                      8. Benelux
                                                                                                                                                                      9. Rest of Europe
                                                                                                                                                                    2. APAC
                                                                                                                                                                      1. Market Size and Forecast
                                                                                                                                                                        1. By Residue Type
                                                                                                                                                                          1. Pesticide Residues
                                                                                                                                                                            1. Veterinary Drug Residues
                                                                                                                                                                              1. Mycotoxin Residues
                                                                                                                                                                                1. Heavy Metal Residues
                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Food Additives & Processing Residues
                                                                                                                                                                                  2. By Technology
                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Chromatography-Based Testing (LC-MS/MS, GC-MS, HPLC)
                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Immunoassay-Based Testing (ELISA, Lateral Flow)
                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Spectroscopy-Based Testing (ICP-MS, AAS)
                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Rapid & Biosensor-Based Testing
                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Other Analytical Methods
                                                                                                                                                                                            2. By End Use
                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Food Manufacturers & Processors
                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Agricultural Producers & Exporters
                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Government & Regulatory Bodies
                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Contract Research & Testing Laboratories
                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Retailers & Private Label Owners
                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. By Sample Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Food Crops
                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Animal-Based Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Processed Food & Beverages
                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Environmental Samples
                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Feed & Raw Agricultural Inputs
                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. By Residue Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Pesticide Residues
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Veterinary Drug Residues
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Mycotoxin Residues
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Heavy Metal Residues
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Food Additives & Processing Residues
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. By Technology
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Chromatography-Based Testing (LC-MS/MS, GC-MS, HPLC)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Immunoassay-Based Testing (ELISA, Lateral Flow)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Spectroscopy-Based Testing (ICP-MS, AAS)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Rapid & Biosensor-Based Testing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Other Analytical Methods
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. By End Use
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Food Manufacturers & Processors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Agricultural Producers & Exporters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Government & Regulatory Bodies
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Contract Research & Testing Laboratories
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Retailers & Private Label Owners
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. By Sample Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Food Crops
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Animal-Based Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Processed Food & Beverages
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Environmental Samples
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Feed & Raw Agricultural Inputs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Korea
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      3. Japan
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      4. India
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      5. Australia
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      6. Singapore
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      7. Taiwan
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      8. South East Asia
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      9. Rest of Asia-Pacific
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Middle East and Africa
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Market Size and Forecast
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. By Residue Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Pesticide Residues
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Veterinary Drug Residues
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Mycotoxin Residues
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Heavy Metal Residues
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Food Additives & Processing Residues
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2. By Technology
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Chromatography-Based Testing (LC-MS/MS, GC-MS, HPLC)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Immunoassay-Based Testing (ELISA, Lateral Flow)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Spectroscopy-Based Testing (ICP-MS, AAS)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Rapid & Biosensor-Based Testing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Other Analytical Methods
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. By End Use
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Food Manufacturers & Processors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Agricultural Producers & Exporters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Government & Regulatory Bodies
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Contract Research & Testing Laboratories
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Retailers & Private Label Owners
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. By Sample Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Food Crops
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Animal-Based Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Processed Food & Beverages
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Environmental Samples
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Feed & Raw Agricultural Inputs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. UAE
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. By Residue Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Pesticide Residues
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Veterinary Drug Residues
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Mycotoxin Residues
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Heavy Metal Residues
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Food Additives & Processing Residues
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. By Technology
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Chromatography-Based Testing (LC-MS/MS, GC-MS, HPLC)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Immunoassay-Based Testing (ELISA, Lateral Flow)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Spectroscopy-Based Testing (ICP-MS, AAS)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Rapid & Biosensor-Based Testing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Other Analytical Methods
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. By End Use
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Food Manufacturers & Processors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Agricultural Producers & Exporters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Government & Regulatory Bodies
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Contract Research & Testing Laboratories
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Retailers & Private Label Owners
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. By Sample Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Food Crops
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Animal-Based Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Processed Food & Beverages
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Environmental Samples
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Feed & Raw Agricultural Inputs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Turky
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      3. Saudi Arabia
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      4. South Africa
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      5. Egypt
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      6. Nigeria
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      7. Rest of MEA
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. LATAM
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Market Size and Forecast
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. By Residue Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Pesticide Residues
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Veterinary Drug Residues
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Mycotoxin Residues
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Heavy Metal Residues
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Food Additives & Processing Residues
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2. By Technology
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Chromatography-Based Testing (LC-MS/MS, GC-MS, HPLC)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Immunoassay-Based Testing (ELISA, Lateral Flow)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Spectroscopy-Based Testing (ICP-MS, AAS)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Rapid & Biosensor-Based Testing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Other Analytical Methods
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. By End Use
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Food Manufacturers & Processors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Agricultural Producers & Exporters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Government & Regulatory Bodies
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Contract Research & Testing Laboratories
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Retailers & Private Label Owners
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. By Sample Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Food Crops
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Animal-Based Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Processed Food & Beverages
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Environmental Samples
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Feed & Raw Agricultural Inputs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Brazil
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. By Residue Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Pesticide Residues
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Veterinary Drug Residues
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Mycotoxin Residues
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Heavy Metal Residues
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Food Additives & Processing Residues
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. By Technology
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Chromatography-Based Testing (LC-MS/MS, GC-MS, HPLC)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Immunoassay-Based Testing (ELISA, Lateral Flow)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Spectroscopy-Based Testing (ICP-MS, AAS)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Rapid & Biosensor-Based Testing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Other Analytical Methods
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. By End Use
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Food Manufacturers & Processors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Agricultural Producers & Exporters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Government & Regulatory Bodies
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Contract Research & Testing Laboratories
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Retailers & Private Label Owners
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. By Sample Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Food Crops
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Animal-Based Products
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Processed Food & Beverages
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Environmental Samples
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Feed & Raw Agricultural Inputs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Mexico
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      3. Argentina
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      4. Chile
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      5. Colombia
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      6. Rest of LATAM
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Competitive Landscape, 2025
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Introduction
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Residue Testing Market Share Analysis, 2025 (%)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Market Share Analysis, 2025
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Competition Ranking, 2025
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      3. Key Developments & Growth Strategies
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Merger & Acquisition
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Product Launch
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        3. Expansion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      4. Consolidated SWOT Analysis of Key Players
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  3. Company Profile
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. SGS
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Business Overview
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Financial Data
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      3. Key Product domains
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      4. Recent Developments
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Eurofins Scientific
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    3. Bureau Veritas
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    4. Intertek Group
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    5. ALS Limited
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    6. TÜV SÜD
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    7. TÜV Rheinland
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    8. Mérieux NutriSciences
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    9. NSF International
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    10. Tentamus Group